Örlogsskepp
1700-talet.
|
||
Enigheten |
||
Enigheten |
||
Jarramas 1759
![]() |
||
Fregatt. Jarramas 1759 Fregatten var ett endäckat fullriggat skepp, med det enda kanondäcket endast täckt i för och akter, som utvecklats i slutet av 1600-talet. Det var byggt för att kunna stå emot skepp med samma eldkraft och kunna segla från skepp med tyngre eldkraft. Det var det minsta skeppet bland de olika ländernas linjeskepp. På 1800-talet försågs de med ångmaskin och propeller. Men pansarfartygens inträde i mitten av 1800-talet blev slutet för de seglande fregatterna. Jarramas är ett turkiskt ord. Karl XII:e var en stor älskare av turkisk kultur och bestämde att en av hans fregatter skulle kallas Jarramas. Den byggdes av Charles Sheldon 1716. Sedan dess har 4 fartyg fartyg i svenska flottan burit detta namn. T.ex. denna fregatt byggd av Gilbert Sheldon 1759 och ur tjänst 1818. |
||
|
||
Skärgårdsfregatt av Turuma-klassen.
|
||
English summary:Enigheten . Built 1732 by Charles Sheldon. 66 cannons of different calibre. Exploded when the Swedish navy broke the Russian blockade at Viborg Bay (where the Swedish fleet was locked in by the russians) 1790.Fregatt/Frigate: Developed in the late 17:th century. It had only one gun deck that was roofed only in the fore and aft. It was the smallest ship of the line in most fleets. In the 19:th century a steem engine and a screw made them easier to navigate. In the mid 18:th century the sailing frigates (with or without screw) got obsolete, when the ironclads appeared. Galär (Galley), ca. 1750: The swedish galleys were armed with 2 cannons on the forecastle (rambat), trat could only be fired when the sails were belayed and sthe vessel din`t move. Also some swivel guns. Propelled by 20 or 20 pairs of oars the galleys speed was around 4 knots. With sail a little faster. Galärskjul (Galley sheds): These 2 shed just south of the Wasamuseum at the island Djurgården (Stockholm) is all that remains of the long row of galley shed from 18:th century that before the fires in 1920-ies, lined the shore of west Djurgården. Turuma: Until 1809, Finland was a part of Sweden. The waters round Sweden/Finland is dominated by the archipelago (skerries), that needen shallow battle ships that was easy to navigate. The Mediterranean Galley was perfect, and such vessel had been a part of the swedish navy since the 16:th century. But the galleys needed large crews and Sweden was the a nation with a low population. And the galley could only carry a few light cannons.After 1745 only few gallys was built in Sweden. Instead the famous shipwright af Chapman designed the archipelago-frigates. It was ships of different size. The ship on the picture is of the Turuma-class (1762). I was inspired by the North-african xebec (chebeck) and had 16 pairs of oars. It was armed with 25 12-pounders (=cannons that could shoot a cannonball with a weight of 12 pound), 10 3 pounders and 25 swivel guns. In the beginning the Turuma (and the other frigate-classes) had lateen sails, but later they were rigged with a more european rig. |
||
LÄS/READ: |